Lecture 2 Britain’s prehistory презентация

Lecture 2 Britain’s prehistory Ph.D. Vashchenko E.A.

Plan The Celts The Romans The Anglo-Saxons

Mysterious Stonehenge 3000 B.C. – the Iberians 1900 – 1600 B.C. 8,5 meters high 7 tons Kings were buried here It was used for sun worship A Temple or a Court of Justice

Early Britain. The Celtic tribes 6-3 century B.C. – the Iberians, the Picts, the Scots and the Britons Julius Caesar (Commentaries on the Gallic War) Spears, swords, daggers, axes War-chariots

The primitive communal system The Iberians – stone tools The Celts – metal tools, bronze, copper, iron No private property, no prisons, no courts From primitive communal society – to class society The elders, military leaders - tribal nobility

The Roman conquest of Britain Class of slaves and the class of slave-owners In 55 B.C. a Roman army invaded Britain, but had to retreat In 54 B.C. Caesar again came to Britain In 43 A.D. a Roman army invaded Britain and conquered the South-East The Picts and the Scots burned their villages, drove of their cattle and sheep “Hadrian’s Wall”

Roman influence in Britain Towns, splendid villas, public baths York, Glouster, Lincoln, London Bath – hot springs Slavery Had to build roads, bridges, walls

The Fall of the Roman Empire 3-4 centuries - the Roman Empire weakened No new methods of land cultivation, no new technical inventions 4 century – Germanic tribes invaded the Western Roman Empire The Roman legions were recalled from Britain The end of slave-owning system

Traces of the Roman Rule in Britain Wells, roads, Watling Street, walls, baths, bridges The fragments of the old London wall Pottery, glass, tiles, statues, armour, coins street – strata Port – portus Wall – vallum Castra – camps (Chester, Winchester, Manchester, Leicester, Gloucester, Doncaster)

The Anglo-Saxon Conquest of Britain In the 5th century – the Jutes, the Saxons and the Angles In 449 they landed in Kent and the conquest began 150 years - to conquer the country 7th century – they conquered the greater part of the country the Jutes – Kent The Saxons – Sussex, Wessex, Essex The Angles – Northumbria, Mercia, East Anglia

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