Lecture 4 Classification of English speech sounds презентация

Lecture 4 Classification of English speech sounds

Outline 1. Classification of speech sounds 2. Classification of English vowels 3. Classification of English consonants

Classification of Speech Sounds 20 vowel phonemes 24 consonant phonemes sonority (n.), sonorous (adj.) affricates [C, G] plosives [p, b, d, t, k, g]

The System of Vowels 1. the stability of articulation Monophthongs (simple vowels) /V/, /I/, /e/, /x/, /R/, /P/, /L/, /V/, /A/, /W/ Diphthongs (complex vowels) /eI/, /aI/, /OI/, /aV/, /EV/, /Iq/, /Fq/, /Vq/ Diphthongoids (diphthongized vowels) /J/, /H/

The System of Vowels a nucleus a glide a vowel +й [j] й [j] + a vowel

The System of Vowels

The System of Vowels kRt – back SIp – front-retracted kAt – central SJp - front

b). vertical movement of the tongue

The System of Vowels 3. quantitative principle (duration or length) 4. the position of the lips rounded (labialized) [P, L,H, V] unrounded (non-labialized) [J, I, e, W, q, A, x, R] 5. the degree of muscular tension lax-tense

The English Consonants

The English Consonants 2. Active organ of speech, the place of articulation Labial bilabial /m/, /p/, /b/, /w/ labio-dental /f/, /v/ Lingual forelingual /s/, /z/, /t/, /d/, /r/, /C/, /G/, /S/, /Z/, /T/, /D/, /n/, /l/ / mediolingual /j/, /N/ backlingual (velar) /k/, /g/

Forelingual Position of the tongue dorsal /т/,/д/,/с/,/н/,/ч/,/ц/ apical /s/, /z/, /t/, /d/, /C/, /G/, /S/, /Z/,/n/, /l// cacuminal Br./r/; retroflex(ed) (sub-apical) Am. /r/

3. the work of the vocal cords voiced – voiceless 4. the soft palate nasal - oral

D. Jones’ Classification according to the organs which articulate bilabial /m/, /p/, /b/, /w/ labio-dental /f/, /v/ dental /θ/, /D/ alveolar /s/, /z/, /t/, /d/, /l/, /n/ post-alveolar /r/ palato-alveolar /C/, /G/, /S/, /Z/ palatal /j/ velar /k/, /g/, /N/ glottal /h/