MARSEILLE FEVER презентация

MARSEILLE FEVER Medical acaemy named by S.I Georgievsky “CFU named by V.I Vernadskiy” Department of MEDICAL BIOLOGY 1ST COURSE STUDENT RAMESH CHANDRA KANTHAN MOSES ALBERT LA-2,195-scientific leader:SVETLANA SMIRNOVA

GENERAL CHARACTERISTC: Boutonneuse fever (also called, fièvre boutonneuse, Kenya tick typhus, Indian tick typhus, Marseilles fever, African tick-bite fever, or Astrakhan fever) Mediterranean spotted fever (MSF) is an acute febrile, zoonotic disease caused by Rickettsia conorii and transmitted to humans by the brown dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus, which is generally considered to be the most common tick in the Mediterranean area.

LIFE CYCLE OF MITE (OR)TICKS Most ticks go through four life stages: egg, six-legged larva, eight-legged nymph, and adult. After hatching from the eggs, ticks must eat blood at every stage to survive. Ticks that require this many hosts can take up to 3 years to complete their full life cycle, and most will die because they don’t find a host for their next feeding.

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DISEACE ETIOLOGY Fever as a result of a rickettsial infection caused by the bacterium Rickettsia conorii and transmitted by the dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Boutonneuse fever can be seen in many places around the world, although it is endemic in countries surrounding the Mediterranean Sea. This disease was first described in Tunisia in 1910 by Conor and Bruch and was named boutonneuse (French for "spotty") due to its papular skin-rash characteristics

Tick Borne Rickettsioses

PATHOGENISIS OF DISEASE: Once introduced through a tick bite, R conorii invades and proliferates in the endothelial cells of small vessels, causing endothelial injury and tissue necrosis, as illustrated by the tache noire at the bite site. Activation of the acute-phase response with changes in the coagulation state follows.

PREVENTION: After an incubation period around seven days, the disease manifests abruptly with chills, high fevers, muscular and articular pains, severe headache, and photophobia. The location of the bite forms a black, ulcerous crust (tache noire). Around the fourth day of the illness, a widespread rash appears, first macular and then maculopapular, and sometimes petechial.

treatment The illness can be treated with tetracyclines (doxycycline is the preferred treatment), chloramphenicol, macrolides, or fluoroquinolones.

DISEASE INCIDENCE IN THE CRIMEA

Rocky Mountain spotted fever Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is a bacterial disease spread by ticks. It typically begins with a fever and headache, which is followed a few days later with the development of a rash.The rash is generally made up of small spots of bleeding and starts on the wrists and ankles.Other symptoms may include muscle pains and vomiting.Long-term complications following recovery may include hearing loss or loss of part of an arm or leg.

The disease is caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, a type of bacterium that is primarily spread to humans by American dog ticks, Rocky Mountain wood ticks, and brown dog ticks. Rarely the disease is spread by blood transfusions.Diagnosis in the early stages is difficult.A number of laboratory tests can confirm the diagnosis but treatment should be begun based on symptoms. It is within a group known as spotted fever rickettsiosis, together with Rickettsia parkeri rickettsiosis, Pacific Coast tick fever, and rickettsialpox

Treatment of RMSF is with the antibiotic doxycycline. It works best when started early and is recommended in all age groups, as well as during pregnancy. Antibiotics are not recommended for prevention. Approximately 0.5% of people who are infected die as a result. Before the discovery of tetracycline in the 1940s, more than 10% of those with RMSF died

Spotted fever can be very difficult to diagnose in its early stages, due to the similarity of symptoms with many different diseases. People infected with R. rickettsii usually notice symptoms following an incubation period of one to two weeks after a tick bite. The early clinical presentation of Rocky Mountain spotted fever is nonspecific and may resemble a variety of other infectious and noninfectious diseases.

Initial symptoms: Fever Nausea Emesis (vomiting) Severe headache Muscle pain Lack of appetite Parotitis in some cases (somewhat rare) Later signs and symptoms: Maculopapular rash Petechial rash Abdominal pain Joint pain Conjunctivitis Forgetfulness

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