Thoracic and abdominal aorta презентация

Thoracic and abdominal aorta

Aorta thoracica Rami parietales: 1. a.a. intercostales posteriores (10 pairs ) – from III to XI intercostal spaces; 2. a. a. phrenicae superiores blood supply diaphragm and pleura Rami viscerales: 1.Rami bronchiales (2-4) –go to hilum pulmonis, supply bronchi, lungs, anastomouses with branches of pulmonary arteries; 2.Rami esophageae(3-4)- to thoracic part of esophagus; 3.Rami mediastinales-supply lymphatic nodes of posterior mediastinalis; 4. Rami pericardiaci – to pericardium

Branches of the abdominal aorta I. Parietal branches. II. Visceral branches: 1. Unpaired visceral branches 2. Paired visceral branches

Parietal branches of abdominal aorta 1. A. phrenica inferior; 2. A. lumbales(4-6); 3. A. sacralis mediana

Unpaired visceral branches 1. Truncus coeliacus 2.A.mesenterica superior 3.A. mesenterica inferior

1. Truncus coeliacus Arises from abdominal aorta at the level of XII-th thoracic vertebra. Its length 10mm, thick 0.5-2cm. The coeliac trunk and its branches supply blood to the stomach, spleen, pancreas, liver, and part of the duodenum. The most common variant of branching the trunk is known as trifurcation (division into three branches): a.gastrica sinistra(1), a.hepatica communis(2), a.lienalis(3).

a. gastrica sinistra The left gastric artery is the smallest, it is directed up and to the left to the cardiac part of the stomach, and supplies blood to the lower part of the esophagus and stomach and anastomouses with right gastric artery.

a. hepatica communis A. hepatica communis is directed forward and to the right to the upper border of the initial part of the duodenum. It divides in a. gastroduodenalis and a. hepatica propria. A. gastrica dexter arises from a.hepatica communis. The proper hepatic artery goes to the liver gate and further divides into the right hepatic and left hepatic arteries. A. gastroduodenalis divides into a.pancreatoduodenalis superior and gastroepiploica dextra.

a. lienalis The splenic artery– the largest branch, goes along the upper border of the pancreas to the spleen. Next to the spleen, the splenic artery divides into several (five or more) branches. In addition to branches to the spleen, the splenic artery also gives pancreatic branches, short gastric arteries, and the left gastro-epiploica artery.

2. A. mesenterica superior Arises near celiac trunk behind the head of pancreas. Its branches: a. pancreatoduodenalis inferior, anastomouses with a. pancreatoduodenalis superior; 2. 12-15 –rami intestinales – to jeajunum and ileum; 3. a. ileocolica blood supply cecum with vermiform process and ileum; 4. a. colica dextra – to ascending colon. 5. a.colica media – to the right side of transvers colon

3. A. mesenterica inferior Arises at the level of III-d lumber vertebra. It blood supply descending colon, sygmoid colon and more part of rectum. It gives 3 branches: 1. a.colica sinistra – to descending colon; 2.a.a.sygmoideae – to sygmoid colon; 3.a.rectalis superior – to rectum. All arteries anastomouses between each other.

Paired visceral branches 1. A. renalis; 2. A. suprarenalis media; 3. A.testicularis (a. ovarica)