Welfare model of ukraine презентация

Welfare model of ukraine

Medicine Ukrainian medicine system is the same one as it was in the Soviet Union – it called Semashko’s system. The point is the state holds healthcare institutions, and these institutions provide free services to citizens. And as a result, this algorithm has to minimize costs and health issues. There are few levels in this system. The first - district clinics where you can get help from therapist and different kinds of specialists. Then if there some serious problem, you steer to the district hospital and if it doesn’t work – to regional hospital. But in the reality there are many obstacles that people should overcome to become healthy. The main of them – huge corruption, lack of qualified specialists and bureaucracy. According to the statistics, more than 50 billion hrn allocated to provide health care system. Approximately the same sum ukrainians have to pay out of pocket only for the medicines. Moreover, it is impossible to accurately calculate such figure as «informal gratitude to the doctor».

Medicine Another one problem - useless mechanisms. For example, quota - is financial aid that the state provides for the sick person to carry out costly operations. And it concerns only special surgery and the treatment using special technology. With consideration about it deals special body - the State system of high-tech medical care in more than 160 clinics in the country. To get quota the patient must visit the following experts: o doctors "primary" level; o Health Fund in the region; o experts federal medical facility.  These three committees allow hospital specialists take a positive decision to do the operation. But people should face with lack of quotas and great turn. Even if you managed to get a document to free treatment, you may experience long queues. Again, extra payment –pills, therapy. Also person should seek the donor for her.                                        

Medicine Since 2017 in Ukraine conducted medical reforms. Currently approved decree on health insurance. The patient will choose the doctor and make a bargain with him. Territorial binding are overturned as well. Money will be allocated depend on the number of contracts in the institutions. The contract will set standards of care and the doctor will have to follow the protocol. If a patient requires complicated diagnosis, the doctor will send him to the hospital which should be choosen together with the patient. For doctors this reform is also important, because their salaries depend on the number of their patients. All this information will be in one electronic register. Also in March 2016 in Ukraine officially launched the new scheme of issuing medicines for diabetics. The patients who need insulin, can get it in pharmacies for free. Besides special electronic register was created to get all of the information about the patients, control the issuance, quantity of insulin and make the process of receiving more easier. So you just come, show the prescription, get the meds. But also, there is the new law provided, that you should take care of your salve like healthy life style, snap out of bad habits, control your weight…so if according to the medical examination you don’t do these you will not get the free meds.

Educational system of Ukraine

Kindergarden According to the law, you can send your child to the kindergarden starting from 2 month old. a) However there are not so many kindergardens wich specialize on working with very small children b) still most parents try not to give a child to a kindergarden until they are 2,5 years old. Most kindergardens start from 1,5-2 years old. Children can attend kindergarden until they are 7 years old.

In the kingergardens groups are formed based on the age of children. In the kingergardens groups are formed based on the age of children. The amount of children in a group depends on the age and amount of children in the area (city/village). The average number is 20. Usually there are two teachers and one nurse (nanny) in every group. However, teachers work in shifts, so there is one teacher and one nurse at the same time.

State kindergardens in Ukraine are free of charge, but parents pay for the food in the kindergarden.

School Education is obligatory, but parents can choose to teach children at home. State schools are free of charge but parents need to pay for food (children with health problems get food for free), sometimes for maintaining the school facilities, for renovations, books and some events held at school.

School: - primary school (grade 1-4, from 6-10 years) - secondary school (grade 5-9, 10-15 years)

Migraion

Reasons for emigration from Ukraine: - Labor migration - Education - Political Beliefs - Finding the best living conditions - Refugees from hot spots

International mobility After the introduction of democratic rights, including freedom of movement, cross-border mobility of ukrainian population has grown rapidly by intersections western border. But in 2013, before the Crimea annexation and the conflict in eastern Ukraine, number of trips to Poland exceeded the number of visits to Russia (which maintained a visa-free regime) at first. Since the beginning of the conflict the number of trips abroad has decreased, especially it concerns visits to Russia: in 2014 there were almost a third less than in 2013. At the same time, the number of visits EU has grown - 10.5 mln. in 2014, 12.5 mln. in 2015.

International mobility

Labour migration Deep structural transformation of the economy, accompanied by falling living standards and rising unemployment – that has stimulated labor migration, which in the late 1990's has become a mass phenomenon and source of income for many families. According to the research conducted in 2014-2015 there are about 700 thousand citizens of Ukraine work abroad.

Labour migration According to the same research: among labor migrants there are more men most of of them are persons 30-44 years old (over 40%) Most migrants came from west areas 41% of migrants have secondary or vocational education, 36% - higher education The main destination countries for migrant workers - Poland, Russia, Czech Republic and Italy.

Educational migration According to UNESCO, between 2000 and 2012 the number of Ukrainian students abroad has increased more than four times and reached 37 thousand. Especially rapidly it grew in countries where is high level of work migration. According to the annual monitoring concerning number of ukrainian citizens who study in foreign universities for full-time study in the 2013/2014 academic year there are 47,724 citizens of Ukraine.

Refugees As a result of the annexation of the Crimea and Donbas situation in 2014-2015 there is not only internal but also external forced migration. Number of applications for shelter in the European countries submitted by citizens of Ukraine surpassed in 2015 is 22 thousand. Most of these petitions filed to Italy, Germany, Spain and Poland.

Refugees

Thank you for attention